The Human Resource Management Plan - 1718 Words

INTRODUCTION The key segment of all projects is the Human Resource on the undertaking. Human Resource Management serves the backbone of any project. It is all about allocating the right persons in the right place at the right time and also managing the resources all through the project. The Human Resource Plan is an instrument which helps in the administration of all activities. At any rate it characterizes things, for example, parts and obligations, authoritative outlines, how assets will be gained, time when every asset will be required and any specific preparing prerequisites. †¢ Roles and responsibilities of project team members †¢ Fixing team members to appropriate position. †¢ Association charts/Organizational charts. †¢ Resource Calendars. †¢ Staffing management plan includes: a) How to get the resources/Staffing Acquisition. b) Skill set of the resources c) Training to be conducted, if required d) Performance assessment process e) Rewards and recognitions to the team members on successful completion of project f) Actions to be taken if team member not performing well. The need of this human resources management plan is to guarantee success of the project by making sure that perfect human resources are allocated with required abilities and skills, and the associates are given required training if lagging, and ensuring that team work is effectively defined and managed throughout the project. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES The Roles allocated andShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management : The Goal Of Human Resources Management Plan752 Words   |  4 PagesHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: The goal of human resource management is to help an organization meet its strategic goals by attracting, developing, and retaining employees and also by managing them effectively. Our aim is to achieve a fit between managing the Project s employees and the overall strategic direction of the project. In order to meet the effectiveness objective of management control, our human resource management plan will be formulated in such a way that it conforms to the organizationalRead MoreThe Human Resource Management Plan2042 Words   |  9 Pagescarry wonderful benefits. The Human Resource Department must give attractive packages to appeal to skilled workers when expanding outside of the US. Bridging the gap when salaries are not as attractive can be achieved by providing other befits like healthcare, covering the cost of additional educational expenses for employees, tuition cost for children. Benefits become expensive when working with scores of people nationally and internationally. Human Resource Management plans for these types of expensesRead MoreAn Organization With A Human Resource Management Plan Essay1236 Words   |  5 Pagestraining and management training. The organisation has grown in 8 years and currently employs 41 full-time equivalent (FTE) staff and 2 directors. The offices are in Auckland, Tauranga and Wellington. Currently there is a compelling opportunity for the organisation to expand its operations to Christchurch and Queenstown. The proposed expansion will lead to the employment of an additional 12 FTE. The purpose of this report is to provide the organisation with a human resource management plan for the nextRead MoreSelection Plan For A Human Resource Management977 Words   |  4 PagesSelection Plan A successful recruiting effort can leave the human resources (HR) staff with mounds of paper or electronic resumes or applications to read through. How does HR narrow hundreds, maybe thousands of applicants down to the target percentage? A selection plan outlines the screening tools HR will use to assess the candidates’ knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs) and choose quality contenders to move forward in the selection process. This example will evaluateRead MoreHuman Resources Management Action Plan1935 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract Human Resources Management (HRM) has many applications in the business world. This paper will identify three key lessons learned about HRM. It will also outline how these concepts can be applied in the real world to enhance professional effectiveness. This paper will then tie together how these lessons relate to effective HRM concepts, practices and systems. Lastly, this paper will outline specific thinking and behavior changes as well as actions that will lead to successful implementationRead MoreThe Human Resource Management ( Hrm ) Plan Essay1932 Words   |  8 PagesEven though Coco’s Chocolate Cafà © is a small local business, it is still important to have a Human Resource Management (HRM) plan in place. We believe that investment in human capital is the most effective and efficient way for Coco’s to achieve our strategic goals and part of this strategy is to build our foundation on hiring the right people for the right job at the right time (Proverbs 24:27). O ur HRM plan is designed to ensure we understand and have procedures and processes in place to addressRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management Plan Essay3019 Words   |  13 Pagesstrategic human resource management plan for the following services: ï  ¶ Tramping Hiking ï  ¶ Swimming ï  ¶ Fishing ï  ¶ Mountaineering ï  ¶ Bushwalking ï  ¶ Quad bike exploration Answer: â€Å"The overall purpose of strategic HR planning is to: †¢ Ensure adequate human resources to meet the strategic goals and operational plans of your organization - the right people with the right skills at the right time †¢ Keep up with social, economic, legislative and technological trends that impact on human resources in your areaRead MoreHuman Resource Management And Talent Development Plan739 Words   |  3 PagesCareer Development Plan Andrea Florenz Human Resource Management Talent Development/Argosy University Dr. Sarah Dale June 08, 2016 Introduction The purpose of this paper is to answer the given questions and explain the six components of a Career Development Plan, which are the employee learning plan, needs assessment, comprehensive development plan, roadmap to development of a career development plan, other factors in program development, individual career development plan integrated withRead MoreHuman Resource Management Sports And Recreations Plan Essay3230 Words   |  13 PagesSheffield Recruitment Agency, this report will highlight for the readers the general Human Resource Management Sports and Recreation Plan focusing on the different services provided with the referred sources used to construct the plan. It will also provide a detailed Job description for the Tramping and Hiking Leader, Beauty Therapist, and the Gym Instructor. An overall Health and Safety Policy focusing on management, staff and the guest is also included in the report. A 6 month Staff Development ProgramRead MoreHuman Resources Management Plan an d Job Aids2942 Words   |  12 PagesHuman resources management plan and job aids Axia College, University of Phoenix Table of Contents Executive Summary Job Analysis Selection Process New Employee Orientation Training Development Plan References Attachments: Interview Questions Script for New Employee Orientation Human Resources Management Plan and Job Aids Executive Summary HR assistance plan and aids are directly related to an accounting companys strategic plan in the

The Internet s First Serial Killer - 1851 Words

John Edward Robinson The Internet’s First Serial Killer John Edward Robinson was born on December 27,1943. Robinson was raised in Cicero, Illinois. John Robinson was the third out of five children. John’s father was an alcoholic and his mother was a disciplinarian. John became an Eagle scout and supposedly traveled to London with some of the scouts and performed in front of the Queen in 1957. In that same year Robinson enrolled at Quigley Preparatory Seminary in Chicago, but later dropped out due to discipline issues. Robinson moved to Kansas and he married Nancy Jo Lynch in 1964. Robinson and Nancy had their firstborn son in 1965, a daughter in 1967, and twins in 1971. John Robinson took a job at a medical practice institute working as an X-ray technician. John Robinson got that job by using forged credentials. After embezzling over $33,000 from the medical practice of Dr. Wallace Graham, Robinson was arrested for the first time. Robinson was sentenced to three years’ probation. John violated his parole by moving back to Chicago without the permission of his probation officer in 1970. When John went back to Chicago he took a job at R. B. Jones Company as an insurance salesmen. Once again Robinson was arrested for embezzling firm funds and was ordered back to the state of Kansas by the local police. When Robinson was sent back to Kansas he started a phony medical consulting business and was arrested due to mail fraud and securities fraud. John Robinson was ableShow MoreRelatedEssay about Familial DNA Searching1415 Words   |  6 Pagescrucial component of a crime scene investigation, used to both to identify perpetrators from crime scenes and to determine a suspect’s guilt or innocence (Butler, 2005). The method of constructing a distinctive â€Å"fingerprint† from an individual’s DNA was first described by Alec Jeffreys in 1985. He discovered regions of repetitions of nucleotides inherent in DNA strands that differed from person to person (now known as variable number of tande m repeats, or VNTRs), and developed a technique to adjust theRead MoreEssay on The Makings of a Killer: The Story of Henry Lee Lucas1462 Words   |  6 PagesOliver Stone once stated, â€Å"The line between thinking murder and committing murder is very thin† (Murder Quotes). While the line is thin, many have crossed it and have done so to such an extent they have been labeled as a serial killer. A serial killer is defined as one who carries out a series of murders over an extended period of time. One of the names that rise to the top of the list is none other than Henry Lee Lucas. Lucas was notorious for his series of rape and murders both alone and with hisRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1481 Words   |  6 Pagesworld is changing or upgrading at a rapid pace. Let’s go back into the past for a bit, imagine it’s the early 1960’s. You turn on your small television set, switching through the three network channels that are airing and you see the first televised presidential debate. Both Nixon and Kennedy on the TV persuading their views to the American people hoping for their vote in this year s election. You hear the telephone ringing in the kitchen. You run to answer it, realizing it was one of the boys inRead MoreSerial Killers Essay2668 Words   |  11 PagesSerial Murder The mind behind the crime! Thesis statement: Serial Murderers are not just murderers but also victims of the rotten hand they were dealt. Abstract I. Definition History A. The Most Infamous Killer B. Myth Theory 1. WereWolves 2. Vampires III. Causes A. Serial Killer Characteristics B. Theories VI. Case Studies A. Charles Manson 1. Bibliographical Info 2. Childhood Trauma B. John Wayne Gacy 1. Bibliographical Info Read MoreWhat Is Serial Murder?1864 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is serial murderer? It is difficult to define the term ‘serial murder’ due to the complexity and the diversity of the phenomenon, ‘the term remains elusive, ambiguous and amorphous’ in the literature, there is a suggestive trend towards the ‘achievement of a standardised definition’, yet going through current research and legal definitions of serial murder revealed ‘some discrepancies in how the term is defined’ the reason why this occurs is due to the practice of authors using various termRead MoreThe Internet Can Be A Dark And Dangerous Place1708 Words   |  7 Pages The technology is surge spreading and developing surrounds us. In particular, the Internet has become widespread among the world within rapid time. Nowadays, the Internet is one of the factors that produce the globalization around the world, and it makes our life more c onvenient. In the past, people were doing their needs via conventional ways, but now they are doing most of them via the Internet. As a result, that proves the amazing usages and benefits of the principle invention in modernRead MoreA Continued Study Of The Real Life Story Behind2311 Words   |  10 PagesDiana Dean ENG 1102 Sandra Rourke December 7, 2014 A CONTINUED STUDY OF THE REAL LIFE STORY BEHIND â€Å"WHERE ARE YOU GOING, WHERE HAVE YOU BEEN?† AND OF SERIAL KILLERS IN GENERAL The name of the man behind Joyce Carol Oates’s short story, â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† is Charles Schmid, Jr. or â€Å"Smitty† as he was called by most everyone who knew him. I use both names interchangeably. The names of Schmid’s victims were Alleen Rowe whom he killed on May 31, 1964, with the help of twoRead MoreStalking Of America And The Us Court System1306 Words   |  6 Pagesepidemic. Across the country millions of Americans are stalked each year. They are followed without relief everywhere they go–to work, to school, to the shopping mall, to the doctor’s office, to their home—until they no longer feel safe anywhere. The first stalking laws were defined by the state of Claifornia. Now all fifty states have their own state penal code defining stalking. The California Penal code 646.9. stalking. 2008 defines stalking as â€Å"any person who willfully, maliciously, and repeatedlyRead MoreFederal Bureau Of Investigation : Special Agent1656 Words   |  7 Pagespart of this exclusive team that aimed to solve law violations such as bankruptcy, naturalization, antitrust, peonage, and land fraud. The Mann Act of 1910, which made transporting women over state lines for â€Å"immoral† purposes a crime, led to the first major expansion of jurisdiction for the bureau. During WWI, the FBI took over the responsibility for the Espionage, Selective Service and Sabotage Acts. With it’s head quarters in Washington, D.C., the FBI today has over 56 field offices throughoutRead MoreEssay about Speech Against Capital Punishment1672 Words   |  7 Pageswives got together for brunch at the Sweet Life Cafi. What the Rev. did not know was that 24-year-old Jeremy T Charron; an Epsom New Hampshire police officer was gunned down in cold blood just hours before Millers sermon on forgiving murderers. That Sunday marked Charrons 44th day as a full time police officer, the job he dreamed of since he was 6 years old. Jeremy Charron leaves behind his parents, two sets of grandparents, two sisters, two brothers, a wide circle of friends, and a

The Old Man Who Read Love Stories free essay sample

‘Although Josefina is central to the plot, she is never presented as a convincing character’. Do you agree? Rolf de Heer’s ‘The Old Man Who Read Love Stories’ portrays the profound emotion through romantic literature, and the appreciation of life’s simple pleasures. Each and every character within the film differs from one another. Through the beliefs and values of the Shuar, to the way things get done with the European. Josefina, the films only female character, is a beautiful resident of the village despite being exploited by the Mayor as a prostitute. Josefina is without doubt central to the plot and is further presented as a convincing and influential character as the film progresses. Her sense of confidence and independence eventually leads to her mustering courage to escape the harsh clutches in order to continue her relationship with the far kinder and more loving Antonio Bolivar. Both characters, brought up in different way, experience a never-changing connection through their love for literature and one another, which leads into their own happily ever after. De heer’s ‘The Old Man Who Read Love Stories’ depicts the feature pure-hearted yet naive characters who are trying to function as best they can in a corrupt world. Josefina is a headstrong yet romantic woman who is treated extremely cruelly by the unscrupulous Mayor, restricting Josefina while she yearns for freedom. As she is the only major female character within the film, De heer portrays the innocence that is embedded within Josefina, a character that does not belong in the town of El Idilio nor with the presence of the injudicious Mayor and his regulations placed upon her. De heer not only portrays the innocence of this female character, but through the fundamentally kind-hearted man Antonio Bolivar. Despite his past, Antonio wishes to live a life full of happiness and joy, living without regrets and staying out of trouble. He accomplishes this by Josefina’s love of literature, which affects Antonio convincing him into reading these love stories. Antonio’s love for these stories deepens, as it does with Josefina, symbolizing the happy ending he wishes to spend with her as it ends in every book he reads, â€Å"It was a kiss of impassioned intensity. A kiss to remember their lives by†. De heer shows that the influence of Josefina has led to courage and confidence in Antonio, making him believe in opportunities and doing things he once thought he could never do, further presenting Josefina as a character convincing Antonio to believe and destine. Antonio, who founds it quite difficult to interpret some stories, is willing to try harder and harder in order for him to understand the significance of these love stories and their meaning. He reads each word on their own, making sure he understands them first before he moves along, â€Å"Ar-dent-ly†, showing the passion he has for these love stories, further symbolizing that he will not give up on Josefina as well. However, the presence of the Major is constantly restricting Antonio into being able to live a happy life. Threating his home, and mocking his reading, the mayor is a ruthless and cold-hearted person who only thinks of himself, â€Å"It says knock you idiot! . Josefina, despite being the Mayors virtual captive for most of the film, eventually musters the courage to escape his clutches in order to continue her relationship with the far kinder and more loving Antonio. Through this, there is a sense of hope within the film. Josefina creates an atmosphere of love, teaching us the appreciation we must have over things, further teaching and showing Antonio what he has been longing for, love. Her presence within the film informs readers that this film may end in a happy ending, despite the living and economic conditions characters are experiencing. For one to be able to move on, they use their past to make decisions. While some use their past, others think of a happy future with someone they want to spend the rest of their life with, and this is what Antonio does. Antonio uses Josefina as a guide, a conscience, a love story, in order to take action so he can eventually fulfill and turn this flashback into presence and reality. His constant flashbacks of Josefina encourage Antonio and influence him of a happy life he has wanted to spend, one with no constraints or input from others, â€Å"It was the purest love without purpose other than love itself. Without tenure or jealousy†. Here, de Heer portrays that Josefina is particularly susceptible to being manipulated by Antonio’s own desires, that she is ultimately a character in Antonio’s love story. While Antonio’s thoughts, mutterings and viewpoints are consistently made known to us, we are not given similar access to Josefina’s thoughts. As a result, her motivations are often seem somewhat mysterious. However, de Heer shows that despite not sharing most of her thoughts, her character and actions herself is just as enriching as ones thoughts and opinions, â€Å"A man who reads love stories and admits it is less of a fool than a man who beats his wife thinking she loves it†. Here, Josefina complements Antonio’s gentleness and sensuality, while clearly sharing her hatred towards all forms of cruelty. De heer depicts that both Josefina and Antonio are able to understand one another, which shows that Josefina is indeed central to the film. Throughout the film, readers are presented with the harsh life characters are facing, through their economic battles and living conditions in the Amazon. The town is poor and run down, and the appearance of characters is just as alike. The presence of love stories is a complete contrast when compared to the town, but has the capability of changing characters for the better. De heer’s use of the presence of Josefina influences Antonio, giving him both motivation and determination. He is able to believe, interpret and understanding the meaning of life and love. De heer exposes that we must appreciate the beauty for things as they are, and believe in order to move on into the future, because without believing, there will be no hope. De heer finishes with Antonio returning to the village, thankfully without the presence of the Mayor. He finds his destined love, Josefina waiting endlessly for him, with the film ending happily, with the couple reading a romance novel together by the lamplight in Antonio’s hut, what now belongs to him.

Welcome to The City of God Rethinking the Movie Experience

Whenever there is a major feature film interpretation of a painfully topical issue, the audience takes the on-coming film with a grain of salt, which is quite understandable – there is practically no way in which the movie director can handle the complex issue; as a matter of fact, a movie adaptation is often not about how good the directors’ interpretation is, but how much the movie twists the original idea.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Welcome to The City of God: Rethinking the Movie Experience specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, much to the audience’s surprise, The City of God turned out not as much palatable as the source material, i.e., the numerous criminal reports on the Rio de Janeiro suburbs, but also quite unique and different from the original in its own way. With the help of elaborate planning and the use of various technical approaches, as well as the casting choices and other essential elements that make a bulk of a good movie, The City of God manages to convey a number of messages concerning essential social issues in the Latin countries, as well as stet the existing problems within a typical Latin society. The first and the foremost planning element to speak about are the actors. The cast defines the movie, shaping it and giving it additional shades. In the given case, the cast was truly brilliant. Taking into account that the movie was shot as a crime drama, it was crucial to pick the cast who would not overact yet add drama to the movie, and Alexandre Rodriguez handled this task perfectly well. He obviously knows what to say and when to: â€Å"The sun is for everyone, the beach is for those who deserve it† (The City of God), yet he does not have the answer to every question, which makes him a believable character. The rest of the cast leaves rather vague impression, yet there is also nothing terrible about their performance. Like any cr ime movie, this one is packed with all sorts of stunts and smooth movements. However, the tricks in The City of God concern not the artists, but the movie itself, or, to be more exact, the way in which different eras are switched. The transition between the epochs is rather smooth, which is achieved with the help of rather unusual means. For instance, I one of the transitions, the gap between the two epochs is marked near a car passing by (The City of God). In addition, it is still questionable whether the level of the stunt performers matches the existing standards. The given edits make one think of the gaps between different social groups, which are as hard to cross as the time boundaries. Speaking of the way in which the movie floats between two time periods, the visuals of the two worlds are quite stunning, too. Meirelles managed to capture the striking reality of both eras in a bottle. The Rio de Janeiro suburbs are your typical Rio de Janeiro suburbs, the way an average strang er would think of them, yet the stylization of the background does not stretch to the point where an average Rio de Janeiro dweller will consider it offensive.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In regard to the settings, the color cast of the movie is to be mentioned as well. It is rather peculiar that the color balance is shifted in the movie in such a way so that every single detail in it looks extremely sharp. The given shift is especially obvious in the scene where one of the kids during the conversation asks another one, â€Å"Shall I shoot you in the hand or in the foot?† (The City of God). Adding much to the atmosphere in general, the sharpness of the colors allows to stress the tension within the society and the anger that has been brewing there for the last few decades. The sound effects and the sounds in the background are not to be forgotten, either. It is essenti al that the movie uses the traditional Latin American music for the background in most of the scenes; adding the unforgettable genuine effect, it helps create the atmosphere and allows to plunge into the Latin world completely. Finally, the story comes as the most important element of the movie planning. Helping to reveal even more ideas which the director and the author of the book wanted to convey, the plot must be on par with the visuals, i.e., the most important detail of the entire movie. It is quite impressive that the reference to the book by St. Augustine of Hippo is there in the movie, which makes the latter all the stronger. On the other hand, the comparison of the modern movie about the gangs of Rio de Janeiro to the book written centuries ago with a completely different idea in mind and for completely different purposes might seem inappropriate, there is still a common thread in the two. Both convey the idea of justice as it should be. The only difference is that Augusti ne’s work conveys the message of ideal state showing what the perfect order must look like (St. Augustine), while The City of God, the movie states its moral grounds by showing the audience the lowest of the low. Hence, the idea of what the City of God must not be, is shaped. Indeed, the negative imagery can be as impressive as the positive one; sometimes, the effect of the former can be even stronger, since it does not possess the loathsome taste of moralizing. Moreover, when referring to Augustine’s work, it is necessary to keep in mind that Meirelles did not go with taking all the ideas from the book by Augustine – on the contrary, Meirelles created a modern story only slightly seasoned with the moral concerns which have been voiced in St. Augustine’s book. Hence, Meirelles managed to locate the movie in the present-day reality and add a couple of modern features to it, keeping the key characteristics of the genre intact.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Welcome to The City of God: Rethinking the Movie Experience specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hence, it is obvious that the specifics of the movie planning, especially the ones concerning the visual elements, contribute to the effect that the movie makes considerably. With the help of a careful, well-developed planning, the movie conveys such social issues as the reasons for high criminal rates in Rio de Janeiro, as well as explains the specifics of the city development, touching upon its history. Therefore, the background for a number of current social issues which are extremely topical for the present-day Brazil is being set as the plot of the movie unwraps. Unmasking the social and political flaws of the existing system, the movie sets a number of moral dilemmas for the audience, leaving the latter to guess whether the leading characters have chosen the right track. Works Cited The City of God. Ex. Prod. Fer nando Meirelles. New York City, NY: Miramax Films. 2003. DVD. St. Augustine. The City of God. Edinburgh: TT Clark, 1871. Print. This essay on Welcome to The City of God: Rethinking the Movie Experience was written and submitted by user Dalia O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

the identity of the poets Essays - Sylvia Plath, Guggenheim Fellows

The Identity of the Woman Poet: Sylvia Plath and Anne Sexton God, who am I? [?] I sit here without identity: faceless [?] someone believes I am a human being, not a name merely. And these are the only indications that I am a whole person, not merely a knot of nerves, without identity. I?m lost. (Plath, Journals 26) Tasting the Time The identities of Sylvia Plath and Anne Sexton as female writers were doomed before these two women were even conceived within their mothers? wombs. Society had already carved a mold for these two women?s lives, including the roles of wife, mother, and nurturer. These man-made roles were not a choice of fate, were not a choice of their own; rather, they were a choice and a command spoken from a society that did not allow a woman?s role to move beyond the home. As Freud, an innovative and domineering psychoanalyst during the twentieth century, stated: ?anatomy is destiny? (Freud). Similarly, Plath and Sexton?s female anatomy would be their destinies. Their destinies suffered from a loss of identity created by being women and poets. Plath and Sexton were simply two creative female geniuses thrown into the same poetic category of Confessionalism. They were women writing, making a distinct mark Bienhoff 2 on the poetry scene, resulting in the ultimate: two Pulitzer Prizes (Sexton: 1967; Plath: 1982). They both existed in the same era and even knew each other; their lives collided at a center point: a poetry course at Boston University. They became friendly and regular bar-goers after the course, uniting in conversation about their fascination with death. As Sexton stated in her essay on Plath, ?The Bar Fly Ought to Sing?: ?We talked death with burned-up intensity, both of us drawn to it like moths to an electric light bulb. Sucking on it! [?] We talked death and this was life for us [?]? (No Evil Star 7). Plath and Sexton are further and foremost known for their deaths. They were two women who took life into their own hands and made their own choices about their ends. Plath in 1963 was first to venture off into death, when she swallowed sleeping pills and placed her head in an oven and breathed in the gas, sparing her two children who were sleeping peacefully in a sealed-off room close to their mother?s own doom (Wagner- Martin, ?Two Views?). Sexton was left behind in life and wrote two poems on her friend?s departure into death: ?Sylvia?s Death? and ?Wanting to Die;? as Sexton spoke of in ?Sylvia?s Death?: ?Thief! ? / how did you crawl down alone / into the death I wanted so badly and for so long, / [?] the one we talked of so often each time / we downed three extra dry martinis in Boston? (Complete Poems 126). Yet, Sexton proved that she was not too far behind, following her acquaintance in 1974 when she entered her garage, turned on her car, and slowly went into death that friend she had tried to meet several times before her final end (Wagner-Martin, ?Anne Sexton?). There is another world beyond these cardboard fact similarities of poetry, mental illnesses, and suicides in relation to Plath and Sexton. During their lives, the conservatism and ideals of the nuclear family had been reinforced with the conclusion of Bienhoff 3 World War II. During wartime, women had entered the workforce while the men were absent fighting; however, no one intended women to continue working when the men returned home after winning the war. Instead a woman was expected to return to the home with a relieved and thankful smile planted upon her face. Women were kicked out of the same factories that so desperately needed them during wartime, and they were supposed to be joyous about being demoted or even fired. A woman?s personal fulfillment would not lie within a job, a woman?s personal fulfillment lay within her daily household duties?including the washing and the dusting, the cleaning and the cooking, the slave-like submissive behavior to her husband and the constant conception and birthing of babies. These images of the perfect woman and her unmistakable identity flooded magazines, billboards, and sitcoms on television; they acted as ?woman propaganda.? A woman?s identity was transcribed before she even had time to use her ?useless? brain and choose a path of her own liking. As Naomi Weisstein declared in her article that became a part of the women?s liberation movement when she presented it in 1968, ?Psychology Constructs the Female?: ?A woman has

Free Essays on Madame Du Chatelet

Madame du Chatelet In a society where nobility disliked the notion of education for their daughters arose one of the great mathematicians of the eighteenth century, Frenchwoman, Emilie du Chatelet. Born in Paris December 17, 1706, she grew up in a household where the art of courting was the only way one could mold a place in society. During her early childhood, Emilie began to show such promise in the area of academics that soon she was able to convince her father that she needed attention. Provided with a relatively good education for the time, she studied and soon mastered Latin, Italian and English. In spite of her talents in the area of languages, her true love was mathematics. Her study in this area was encouraged by a family friend, M.de Mezieres, who recognized the young lady’s talent. Emilie’s work in mathematics was rarely original or as captivating as that of other female mathematicians but it was substantive. The fact that it was accomplished in the first place is in it self remarkable. Emilie not only refused to give up mathematics but she engaged the best known tutors to help her in her study. She also conquered the heart of Voltaire, one of the most intriguing and brilliant scholars of this time. Some of Emilie’s most significant work came from the period she spent with Voltaire at Cirey-sur-Blaise. For the two scholars this was a safe and quiet haven distant from the turbulence of Paris and court life. As Voltaire notes â€Å"We long employed all our attention and powers upon Leibniz and Newton; Mme du Chatelet attached herself first to Leibniz, and explained one part of his system in a book exceedingly well written, entitled Institutions de physique† (1,p.56). However she soon abandoned the work of Leibniz and applied herself to the discoveries of the great Newton. She was extremely successful in translating his whole book of principals of mathematics into French. She also ... Free Essays on Madame Du Chatelet Free Essays on Madame Du Chatelet Madame du Chatelet In a society where nobility disliked the notion of education for their daughters arose one of the great mathematicians of the eighteenth century, Frenchwoman, Emilie du Chatelet. Born in Paris December 17, 1706, she grew up in a household where the art of courting was the only way one could mold a place in society. During her early childhood, Emilie began to show such promise in the area of academics that soon she was able to convince her father that she needed attention. Provided with a relatively good education for the time, she studied and soon mastered Latin, Italian and English. In spite of her talents in the area of languages, her true love was mathematics. Her study in this area was encouraged by a family friend, M.de Mezieres, who recognized the young lady’s talent. Emilie’s work in mathematics was rarely original or as captivating as that of other female mathematicians but it was substantive. The fact that it was accomplished in the first place is in it self remarkable. Emilie not only refused to give up mathematics but she engaged the best known tutors to help her in her study. She also conquered the heart of Voltaire, one of the most intriguing and brilliant scholars of this time. Some of Emilie’s most significant work came from the period she spent with Voltaire at Cirey-sur-Blaise. For the two scholars this was a safe and quiet haven distant from the turbulence of Paris and court life. As Voltaire notes â€Å"We long employed all our attention and powers upon Leibniz and Newton; Mme du Chatelet attached herself first to Leibniz, and explained one part of his system in a book exceedingly well written, entitled Institutions de physique† (1,p.56). However she soon abandoned the work of Leibniz and applied herself to the discoveries of the great Newton. She was extremely successful in translating his whole book of principals of mathematics into French. She also ...

Repeal of the Affordable Care Act (Obama Care) Research Paper

Repeal of the Affordable Care Act (Obama Care) - Research Paper Example It would contribute in reducing the abuses of insurance industry. According to the government, the bill will give more protection to American nation on health issues. Children will get more health care as compared to past; there will be no limit for the annual health care for people (Healthcare.gov, 2011). Patients will get preventive services without sharing any cost. Government tends to implement the plan in practice from 2014. Despite all the goods that plan seem to bring in the health care of Americans, there are a lot many reservations in the public (Healthcare.gov, 2011). Middle class suffers more as the tax cut from small businesses and insurance policies would help poor or low-income people to buy policies for them. The plan is aimed at reducing the premium of businesspersons running small businesses to help the needy people. Republicans have rejected the law for not having any constitutional authority and have raised voice for repeal (Healthcare.gov, 2011). The Repeal of the Affordable Care Act (Obama Care) is a pending piece of political legislation and its repealing has many reasons behind it. This paper discusses the issue of repeal of the Affordable Care Act in detail. ...ore, Richard Neal, William Pascrell, Gary Peters , Earl Pomeroy , Linda Sanchez, Allyson Schwartz, Ike Skelton, Fortney Stark, John Tanner, Michael Thompson, Dina Titus, Christopher Van Hollen and John Yarmuth (GovTrack.us 2009). The Republicans who sponsored the Affordable Care Act are Virginia Brown-Waite, Walter Jones and Todd Platts (GovTrack.us, 2009). American Nurses Association, American Medical Association, American Academy of Family Physicians, American College of Physicians, Association of American Medical Colleges, National Association of Community Health Centers, American Osteopathic Association, Catholic Health Association, American Public Health Association, Asian and Pacific Islander American Health Forum, Doctors for America and National Hispanic Medical Associatio n consider the Affordable Care Act as a revolutionary act that keeps the capability of attending all the problems associated with health care (Foster, 2011). According to the mentioned health care communities, repeal of Affordable Care Act will be depreciative for health care services and will take health care back to its backward form (Foster, 2011). Ostensible Objectives of the Legislation According to the legislature, ObamaCare Act has many ostensible objectives. They are to make certain relaxed admittance to emergency facilities, to make certain that all people are insured under the law, to make employers responsible for their employees for the provision of health care insurance services, to ensure betterment of insurance policies by increasing insurance coverage, to make sure that the premiums of insurance are kept low and to impose tax penalties for people with no health insurance (ACEP, 2010). Hidden Agendas or Objectives to the Proposed Law Democrats and republicans both hav e some

The Fiscal Cliff and the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Fiscal Cliff and the United States - Essay Example The Fiscal Cliff and the United States: A Future Prospectus of What Actions will Precipitate what Reactions Although a firm understanding how these two relate would require a dissertation length piece on both social, governmental, and economic trends, this brief essay will attempt to summarize some of the key concerns related with these implications as well as seeking to understand and quantify the ways in which a given government can seek to maintain the optimal balance of freedom, equality and solidarity in order to proceed within such a difficult economic environment as the current nation is experiencing. With the situation regarding the United States’ â€Å"Fiscal Cliff† as it has been called, the situation is with regards to a host of tax cuts and new austerity measures that are due to go into affect the first of this coming year – if not legislative or executive actions are taken to ally them. The purpose of this piece is not to argue between either fiscally liberal or conservative policies as a panacea to the ills of our current financial travails. However, igno ring the present viewpoints that exist on the topic and attempting to analyze them to find a middle path is equally foolish. Accordingly, the author has chosen to devote some brief space to the political ideologies that the two party system of the United States has necessarily espoused. The primary obstacle towards a greater understanding between the two political parties with regards to austerity, spending, and the national debt is with regards to how the situation should be handled.... Such a sum for the time was an unimaginable one (Hinch, 2012). Aided by nearly a decade of conflict and two wars, the Republican Party lost any and all credence that they had formerly retained with reference to being the party of fiscal responsibility. However, with regards to the individual positions that the political spectrum retains, there can be said to be two. The Democratic Party believes that the best way to find a reasonable solution from such economic difficulties revolve around raising taxes (specifically on the upper middle class and wealthiest citizens). Such an approach has merits; however, speaking economically, it also serves to penalize those job-creators that most directly influence the level of growth and recovery that the nation would experience if such a deadweight loss were not experienced. Similarly, those that support the alternate view to the one listed above claim that any and all budget shortfalls must be remedied by relying on austerity and/or budget cuts to achieve the desired result. Naturally, neither one of these offerings is reasonable due to the fact that it is impossible for our current society to realize the correct levels of freedom, solidarity, and equality that would be necessary to achieve either of these positions. Therefore, it is the recommendation of this author that the ultimate approach would necessarily penalize (tax) all citizens equally; regardless of their economic stature within the economy (Etzioni, 1993). In this way, the government would be able to highly equitable distribute the tax burden among all of its citizens. Additionally, there would no longer be a disincentive for those that made less to attempt to make even more as all citizens would be equitably dealt with in terms of their overall level of

Investigating the Effects of Surface Area on the Rate of Reaction Essay Example for Free

Investigating the Effects of Surface Area on the Rate of Reaction Essay Aim: To study the effects of changing the surface area on the rate of a chemical reaction Hypothesis: This hypothesis is based on the Collision Theory, where in order to react, the two particles involved must: 1. Collide with each other 2. The collision must be energetic enough to overcome the activation energy of the reaction 3. The collision must bring the reactive parts of the molecule into contact the correct way – they must collide with appropriate geometry (the reactive parts) Considering that the surface area of a particle is a factor that mainly affects the collision rate of particles, it would be safe to assume that as the surface area increases, the reaction rate increases. The graph should turn out to be something like this: 1. the reaction is the fastest at the start 2. The reaction is slowing down here 3. No more product is formed Amount of product Time Variables: Variable Factor What is manipulated Dependent Time The time it takes for the reaction to complete depends on the surface area of the compounds being used, because it determines the rate in which the reaction will occur. Independent Volume of the gas collected (H2, CO2) The amount of gas collected for each experiment will depend on the Controlled 1. Mass of Calcium Carbonate (both marble chips and powdered form) 2. Mass of Magnesium (both ribbon and powder) 3. Volume of Hydrochloric Acid 4. Apparatus Used 1. The masses of the substances utilized will remain constantly fixed during the experiment 2. 50 cm3 of HCl will be used for every trial – 550 cm3 in total 3. The apparatus used will remain the same throughout the whole experiment Chemical Reactions: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2 1. Magnesium ribbon 2. Hydrogen Gas will be the gas collected 1. 3 Trials will take place 1. Mass of Magnesium ribbon in: 1. Trial 1: 0.064 grams 2. Trial 2: 0.063 grams 3. Trial 3: 0.065 grams CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 1. Marble Chips 2. Carbon Dioxide will be the gas collected 1. 2 Trials will take place 1. Mass of Marble Chips in: 1. Trial 1: 3.998 grams 2. Trial 2: 3.988 grams Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 1. Sodium Carbonate (Powdered) 2. Carbon Dioxide will be the gas collected 1. 2 Trials will take place 1. Mass of Sodium Carbonate 1. Trial 1: 0.504 grams 2. Trial 2: 0.505 grams Apparatus: 1. Eye-Protection – 1 pair of Safety Glasses 2. 1 pair of Scissors 3. 1 Electronic Scale 4. 1 Conical Flask (100cm3) 5. 1 Single-holed rubber bung and delivery tube to fit conical flask 6. 1 Measuring cylinder (100cm3) 7. Stopwatch Chemicals: 1. 12cm of Magnesium Ribbon 2. 550 cm3 of Hydrochloric Acid 3. Marble Chips 4. Sodium Carbonate (Powdered) Method: 1. Set up apparatus as shown 2. Fill the conical flask with 50cm3 of HCl 3. Insert the end of the syringe into the hole on top of the stopper 4. Add the magnesium ribbon 5. Seal the flask with a rubber stopper as quickly as you can, at the same time have someone else present to start the stop watch once the magnesium ribbon has been added to the hydrochloric acid 6. As the reaction takes place, note down the time it takes for the gas collected to reach a multiple of 5 (i.e. 5mL, 10mL †¦.50,55,60,65 etc) 7. Keep measuring until the reaction has stopped, or you are unable to measure anymore 8. Repeat each experiment 3 times, just to be sure the data collected is accurate 9. At step 4, replace the underlined compound with the next compound after one experiment is completed Conclusion Unfortunately I was unable to create a graph using time as the independent variable, because the lab that I had utilized did not have the equipment available to accurately to record the data if time were to be the independent variable. Another factor that played into my decision was the fact that the smallest calibration of the glass syringe I used was 5 cm3. Since the only visible measurements shown on the syringe were multiples of 5, it would only seem reasonable that I switch around the variables, making time the dependent variable, and the volume collected the independent variable, since I couldn’t exactly measure how much gas would be collected every 5 seconds; otherwise the relationship the graph would depict would be completely incorrect. As you can see on the graphs, the slightly steep slopes show when the reaction is the quickest, as it should be in the beginning. The curve shows the reaction slowing down, but unfortunately the curve continues. This is because the reaction is still taking place. I was unable to record the rest of the data because the measuring tools that were available weren’t able to record to such a high degree. In some cases though, like in the powdered sodium carbonate experiment, the reaction began so quickly that I wasn’t able to record the time in most cases, so I just stuck with those that I had managed to note down. In other cases, there were so many distractions in the lab that it was difficult to remain focused. My classmates kept removing some if the items that I was using. The idea was to see how the rate of reaction changed when the surface area of a substance was increased. Initially, my plan was to react magnesium ribbon and magnesium powder with 1 mole of Hydrochloric acid; so I could compare and contrast how the surface area of the substance affected the rate of reaction. I had planned to keep everything about the two substances the same. Its element, mass, the amount of Hydrochloric acid I was going to react with it; the only thing different would be its surface area. Unfortunately the Lab didn’t have any available. So I decided to do the same experiment to Calcium Carbonate, this time using marble chips and powdered calcium carbonate. To my dismay I found that the powdered calcium carbonate wasn’t reacting at all. So I had to change it to sodium carbonate. There is skepticism about using different elements, seeing as they have different orders of reactivity. These factors, including the concentration of the acid used, could also affect the rate of reaction. However, the same acid concentration was used for all experiments, in all trials; so we can dismiss that. However, sodium is much higher up the reactivity series than calcium, which is higher up the reactivity series than magnesium. This is the problem with this experiment; the elements positions in the reactivity series could have really altered the rate of reaction. However, the experiments still prove that when the surface area of a substance is increased, the rate of reaction increases as well. This happens because, when two substances react only the surface particles of the substances can come into direct contact with the reactant particles. Increasing a substance’s surface area, like turning big solid chunks of calcium carbonate into powder, leaves more solid particles available to react. The more particles available to react at one time, the faster the rate of the reaction. Like this: Only atoms on the surface can react If you break the substance down, more atoms are exposed and ready to react. Evaluation Considering the lack of material available, I think I was able to manage the experiment fairly enough to produce results. However, I am not pleased with the factors that may or may not have affected my results, and the circumstances in which I had to switch my variables around. Therefore I would like to state a few things I would like to alter, if ever I got the change to do this experiment again. 1. Apparatus 1. Next time, instead of using a stopwatch, I would like to use a digital device, like a laptop for example, that was somehow connected to the glass syringe, which was programmed to record the volume of the gas collected every 5 seconds. This time the graph would turn out the way it should be. 2. Instead of using a measuring cylinder, I would replace it with a burette, as it takes more accurate measurements of liquids. 1. Chemicals Used 1. I would try and used the same element next time; the only difference would be the surface area. For example, if I used magnesium, to study the effects of surface area on the rate of reaction, I would only you magnesium ribbon and magnesium powder. Studying different elements with different reactivity’s would dismiss any data already collected because an element’s position on the reactivity series may also determine the rate of reaction. Use the same element. 1. Amount of People involved in the experiment 1. If I had to do the experiment again, with the same apparatus, I think I would like to have 3 people participating in the collection of data. 1 person would be watching the syringe rise and call out to record whenever it rose, the 2nd person would time it, and the 3rd person would record it. This time, the data may be even more accurate, because no one is taking their eye off the experiment, like I was doing during my experiment just to record data. I feel that altering these aspects of the experiment would increase the level of accuracy, as to get more substantial data to calculate the order of reaction. Unfortunately with the data I have so far, I am unable to derive the concentrations of the substances I had utilized in my experiment. However, as the objective was to investigate whether or not different surface areas affected the rate of the reaction, I think that I have produced enough data to support my theory.

Consumer benefits and drawbacks of shopping online

Consumer benefits and drawbacks of shopping online In the following essay I attend to track the recent growth on the web/e-retail sales and analyse, compare and critique the consumer benefits and drawbacks of shopping online compared to conventional store from the perspective of consumer behaviour, brand marketing and the application of the seven Cs of retailing. The business of e-retail has been defined as the sale of goods and services via Internet or the other electronic channels for personal or household use by consumers (Dennis 2002). The explosive growth of the Internet has revolutionised many aspects of daily life (Routledge, 2000). Since the development of the Internet in the early 90s and its relevance in e-commerce the Internet has allowed effective new communications channels, easy access, flexibility and the potential to upload a huge amount of information to a global audience. Online shopping has evolved with the growth of technology. Online shopping has had a dramatic impact and become very popular, however it still carters to middle and upper class. A significant feature in consumer attitude towards non-store shopping is exposure to technology, since it has been established that amplified exposure to technology increases the probability of developing favourable attitudes towards new shopping channels (Bigne, Enrique.2005). Growth of the web The occurrence of the Internet has already had a remarkable impact on society, there are more people online than at any other point in history and online retailers have seen tremendous increase in their online earning potential. PricewaterhouseCoopers predict that by 2014 the UK entertainment and media business will be worth an estimate  £56 billion (video on nile week 4 uk entertainment media). The rapid growth of the Web and Web development has been the result of many innovative advances in Web technology, Feather calls this the webolution. Everyday more and more people are integrating the internet into their daily lives due to the flexible opportunities on offer. Feather forecasts that a vast rapid growth on the Internet will concur over the next ten years transforming all aspects of society. Feather argues that half of North America will be living a web lifestyle in which they will also be connected to the internet and be able to control their homes, automobiles, work and lesse n the need to commute to a remote work site. Developed countries that have been offering e-commerce have shown impressive improvement in their respective economies (Javalgi et al., 2005) however the Gulf Area seem to be struggling to keep up with the western world. While consumers from the western world take for granted Internet banking and Internet shopping the Arab world are struggling due to major obstacles mainly poor infrastructure, under investment and slow connection speed. Another major concern that is contributing to their lack of slow growth is the insufficient and compelling amount of content in Arabic; only 0.2% of websites are in Arabic. However the Gulf area presents a huge potential market with over 30million web users but organisations feel its an expensive process to translate. On the other hand the new deregulation has allowed competition to enter, before only one ISP company was available to the masses but now with an increase of ISP companies they have started to push the limit on service. This new competition has driven down prices because the Internet has become more accessible and affordable for users. Video(nile of BBC Middle East Business Report: Internet Growth in the Middle East video on nile week 4) The huge growth area though, is in mobile internet access (appendix). Mobile Commerce has been defined as follows: Mobile Commerce is any transaction, involving the transfer of ownership or rights to use goods and services, which is initiated and/or completed by using mobile access to computer-mediated networks with the help of an electronic device (Tiwari, R.; Buse, S. (2007) Mobile is literally how consumers live in todays worldwide society and businesses have already seen this change in the way consumers connect to the internet. Businesses have realised the new trend and due to the improvement on browsing on smart phones this is set to increase rapidly. (Ebay appendix) Customer benefits and drawbacks To most consumers important attributes of online shopping are convenience and accessibility (Wolfinbarger and Gilly, 2001). Online shopping is becoming more and more popular each year as consumers take advantage of the convenience, wide variety of products and low prices available when shopping online. Over the years the Internet has become a great source for bargain hunters for good reason, there are many great buys online with price comparison companies that help consumers find the best prices, shipping and tax advantages, and the convenience of not having to leave home. However sometimes the deal that looks like a bargain may fall short of what has been advertised. Being able to walk into a physical store and able to see, feel, try, easily ask questions and compare different products side by side with ease makes for a strong case to why brick and mortar shopping is more of an engaging experience. One major benefit of brick and mortar shopping is its organisation. Its straight-forward layout allows consumers to easily locate the right department and the right products effortlessly. Online sites offer similar organisations layouts by providing search capabilities and well designed websites with easy navigations. Another factor could be the relationship between attitudes of attractiveness of alternatives. The consumer although might have a positive attitude toward online shopping, lead by the strong attractiveness of the brick-and-mortar alternative. Therefore, he will choose to shop offline, despite his positive attitude toward shopping on the Internet. Online stores recommend certain products over others, while all websites offer descriptions for each product, it may not always be the best thing because the descriptions can be either too general or too detailed, making it difficult to compare two or more products on their features. A negative aspect of shopping online is the communication dissatisfaction because consumers miss that face to face link, not having an informed person available to provide an immediate answer. However websites now provide independent reviews by customers who have brought each product and display their own personal opinion which in the long run is beneficial to consumers because it helps strengthen their decision on whether or not to purchase a product. Other advantages and disadvantages for shopping online include: (see appendix) Perspective of consumer behaviour Retailers and researchers have been aware that shopping is not just a matter of acquiring tangible products but also about experience, enjoyment and entertainment. In the e-shopping context, experience and enjoyment originate from consumers interactions with an e-retail site. Factors can influence a consumers decision when shopping online, these include the following: Image: Traditional retailers with strong images have long been making the running in e-retail. According to Kimber (2001) instore and online shopper loyalty are linked. Image is the significant perception from the eyes of the consumer to build up their overall evaluation or rating, in such a way to guide their decision making process. Consumers are more likely to buy from a store that they consider to have a positive image e.g. price, brand or customer service. For example Tesco is recognised as having a positive image both instore and online, being the UK grocery market leader in both channels and the worlds largest e-grocer. Social: One social interaction is reference groups. These are groups that serve as a point of reference for an individual. They are perceived as credible and powerful can change consumers attitude and behaviour (see table1 appendix major consumer reference group pg332). When having doubts about obtaining accurate information about products or services, consumers are more likely to communicate with like-minded people who can be important motivators that influence decisions. Consumer related reference groups include the following: (see appendix book page 334) Opinion leadership unofficially influence the actions or attitudes of consumers who may be opinion seekers or purely opinion recipients. Opinion leaders are highly credible sources of information because their intentions are perceived as being in the best interest of the opinion recipient because unlike commercial endorsers, opinion leaders do not actually represent the interests of one company and receive no compensation for their advice. Comparisons of opinion leaders and receivers (appendix pg 506) Product characteristics: Consumers decisions whether or not to shop online are also influenced by the variety of products or services available. In essence some product categories are more suitable for online shopping than other categories, the lack of physical contact and assistance in shopping on the Internet is one factor that influences this suitability. Kare Silver (2001) created the electronic shopping test to measure a product to calculate the chances that it will be purchased online. Three factors affected the potential sell for products: Product Characteristics Familiarity and Confidence Consumer Attributes More information + example of electronic shopping test (appendix) Brand marketing Brands are ever more important on the internet with further competitors due to the global presences; brands are the link to maintaining the relationship between e-retailers and consumers. Consumers have a variety of choices and are more liable to choose e-retailers they know who represent value and are trustworthy. Brand elements are the point of contact between the brand and consumer which is intended to mirror the wanted look and feel of the brand and what it represents. For the brand to succeed all elements must be implemented correctly, however branding a company as something they do not represent is worse than no branding at all because it raises consumer expectations about the quality of what they will receive. Lindstorm (2001) dictates both trust and interactivity are the main factors when shopping online. Consumers perception of e-brands are driven by their total experience on the website, making trust a significant long-term barrier because there is no personal interaction buying on the internet offers potential risks e.g. security transactions. E-retailers can interact and build trust with consumers in a number of ways (appendix model of e-branding pg 176). E-retail mix assists e-retailers to achieve designated objectives. Prices and advertising remain a key element but online e-retailers benefit from using banner ads, pop ups and affiliate marketing. Difference forms of retail mix and e-retail mix (appendix) Loyalty marketing strategies, including communication and two-way dialog, rewards, effective customer service and service loyalty schemes and are an important aspect of brand building (Cuthbertson and Bridson, 2006). One way Adidas use the e-mix effectively is to allow consumers to create accounts to make their shopping experience easier. They offer exclusive deals/discounts on products, able to keep track of orders and personalised homepage when signed in makes consumers feel the brand are paying great attention to their needs, help build and maintain a relationship.

Personal Financial Management Essay

1. You need to hire a receptionist that will be handling cash. What steps would you take to make sure you hire the right person? Inquire about previous cash handling experience, ask about their personal financial management, how they handle their personal finances. 2. Why should you teach your employees the importance of personal financial management? What are some creative ways of doing this? How employees handle their income reflects their work performance, if someone is having financial issues it will most likely cause them to be stressed at the work place. It is important to teach employees how to handle their finances so the overall performance of the company is not affected. Some ways to do this is by having workshops, company meetings, games, or a company lunch. Any setting where a financial manger could come in and answer any questions an employee might have as to how to manage their finances better. 3. What specific steps can you take to improve your spending habits? Some ways I could improve my spending habits would be to assist my want versus need. I can admit that at times I do unnecessary spending. I should make a budget of how much I spend and how much I earn and try to be fugal in my spending habits.

Dumas’ The Count of Monte Cristo Essay

Alexander Dumas’ The Count of Monte Cristo is founded upon historical events and political intrigue. He not only uses historical facts to help the reader understand, he also weaves such details into the story to make it possible for his reader to have an understanding of the current events that were taking place in France, during that time (from approx. 1815 through 1838). Dumas would want his readers to be familiar with French history, and to have it in their mind as they read his beloved tale. In the 1800’s Marseilles was one of the largest ports in the south of France with a â€Å"population between 93,000 and 110,000†, thus trade flourished and it was home to many merchants, and businesses (Marseilles). This is where our story of revenge begins. Marseilles was the hometown of Edmond who we meet as a naà ¯ve sailor who is later to become imprisoned as a political criminal, and altered for life. Marseilles was also the home to both Edmond’s father who dies of hunger soon after his son was imprisoned, and Edmonds beautiful, and noble fiancà © Mercedes who was a poor, Catalan. After Dantes’ imprisonment Mercedes cared for his father until he passed. She lost faith of Dantes ever being released from prison and back by her side, there for she felt she had no choice but to marry Fernand Mondego when he asked for her hand in marriage. Fernand Mondego was the jealous fisherman who also betrayed Dantes because he too was in love with Mercedes. Mondego saw, and seized the opportunity to thwart their love for one another. Military success brought Mondego a fortune, which allowed him to change his name to Count de Morcef, making Mercedes the Countess. The Morrel family (the owners of the ship, Pharaon), were also residents of Marseilles. Mr. Morrel felt a great deal of compassion for Dantes’ family which compelled him to not only invest with great effort, his time and money in an attempt to keep Dantes from an un-warranted life in prison but, he also paid for Dantes’ father’s burial. The cards were stacked against Dantes, and even with the assistance of M. Morrel, his future was written. Once Edmond escaped from prison he visited M. Morrel who was in the depths of despair, and contemplating thoughts of suicide because he could no longer support him self financially. Dantes seeing him as a righteous man who had once gone to great lengths, and knowing the efforts taken by Morrel in attempt to save him from prison, Dantes felt compelled, and anonymously made a financial contribution to Morrel, which, saved him from ruin. While Dantes never revealed himself as the contributor Morrel suspected that it was he, and on his deathbed Morrel explains to his family that he believes that their finical savior was indeed Edmond Dantes. The prosecutor of Marseilles, who was ultimately responsible for Dantes’ incarceration, was Monsieur de Vellefort. Vellefort’s father was a known Bonapartist. Vellefort who disagreed with his father’s stance, and as the prosecutor decidedly took an extremely harsh stance on his policy in dealing with Bonapartist conspirators. Vellefort sought to protect his own name by placing Edmond in prison as a political conspirator because he knew, and feared the letter Dantes carried could be traced back to his (Vellef ort’s) father so, he used his power in a misguided manor to which he would later suffer at the hands of Dantes. Danglars was a man driven by non-other than jealousy who also lived in Marseilles at the time. He despised that Dantes had been advanced to Captain of the Pharaon instead of him, and sought out a plot in which Dantes could be caught with the letter to tarnish his name, leaving Danglar’s the only choice to fill his role as captain. After Edmond’s imprisonment Danglars indeed became the captain and eventually graduated his position to a banker. As a banker he was able to acquire an incredible fortune where he then became a Baron. In the end Monte Cristo destroyed Danglars by destroying his fortune. Dumas purposely created each of these characters to have beginning in a position of poverty, showing us how they were either villainous in their rise to fortune, and would ultimately be ruined by Dantes’revenge. Or, Dumas showed the character to be virtuous with their fortune, and power eventually to be saved, or spared by our protagonist. He also showed us these characters progression from the bottom of the socioeconomic structure, eventually prospering into wealth, their bye showing us, [the reader] there were no misgivings of old money or new during these times in France. Each of these characters rose in the echelons, and were afforded the ability to acquire a title and were able re-create themselves within society in a manner to which they deemed worthy of their amassed fortunes. This ability for one to somewhat procure a title gives us a great sense of the changes that were taking place during that time, it was no longer about being of royal blood that gave you credibility, or worthiness, but about how hard one worked to further themselves and gain their fortune. In the opening scenes of the story Danglars, who is the ships â€Å"supercargo† reports to the ships owner once they docked in Marseilles, that Edmond, acting on what was the last dying wish of his captain, had stopped at the island of Elba to retrieve a letter that was addressed to Noirtier (Dumas 5). In fulfilling his captains last dyeing wish, Edmond’s unknowingly retrieved a letter from Napoleon personally, making it appear as though he was conspiring with the then exiled Napolean, and that he himself was a Bonapartist. Napoleon had been a soldier and then went on to become Emperor of France in the early 1800’s. It was after the French Revolution that Napoleon was elected First consul of France. Napoleon made many great changes for his country. He brought much needed structure back to France. He began by implementing better education, paying off France’s debt, and changing the structure of his army. He allowed not only the affluent to rise within the ranks, but affording the impoverished the same opportunity of growth within the ranks as they proved their worth, and showcased their talents. Napolean’s army was no longer based upon economic stature, but one that afforded an equal playing field to every man (as long as they were anglo). Napoleon also applied this same thought process into the civilian realm of France as well. In an attempt to expand France’s territory he invaded Russia. This invasion turned out to be one of Napoleon’s greatest defeats. During this great siege Napoleon was out maneuvered by Russia’s Alexander I, this resulted in a defeat, and a loss of almost 500,000 French troops. Soon after he stepped down as consul and was banished to the island of Elba. During this time, there were citizens who still loved and supported what he had done for France; these people were considered to be Bonapartist’s. There were also members of the French nobility (and much of Europe’s) who despised Napoleon, they wanted nothing more than to see him removed; they called themselves royalists. Dumas wanted this clearly defined so the reader would feel the internal power struggle between Bonapartist and Royalists. One of these royalists was a man named Villefort. He happened to be the prosecutor Edmonds faced in Marseilles. Villefort knew full well that Edmond was an innocent man, and not a Bonapartist, but made a calculated decision to protect his own ambitions, because it was his (Villefort’s) fathers name that was mentioned in the letter that Edmonds had carried back from Napoleon. His father was a known Bonapartist, so in an effort to show support to the royalists, and put a damper on the Bonapartist efforts, Villefort secretly sentenced Edmond to the political prison of Chateau d’if. Dantes was thrown into Chateau d’ if, and forgotten for fourteen years. During the first few years of his imprisonment Dantes’ father died of starvation, and Mercedes married Fernand; both of which he is completely unaware of. As time passed he became more and more delusional, and even began to contemplate suicide. All the while, his former employer Morrel made efforts to locate Dontes in an attempt to try to have him released, but was unable to find his location. The Chateau d’if, where our fictional character Dantes was imprisoned, was in fact an actual prison fortress. It was â€Å"built by the French King Francis I in 1524† on an island in the bay approximately one mile off the coast of Marseille (Chateau d’if). It’s was originally designed and was intended to be a defense mechanism against would be attackers of Marseille, but soon became the home to, â€Å"3,500 Huguenots (French Protestants) who earned their keep as galley slaves†(Marseille-Provence). This rocky, beach front setting is where Edmond Dantes was doomed to carry out his unwarranted sentence, and spent fourteen long years of his life; just a stone throw away from Marseille, yet no one could locate him. Many of the chateau’s actual guests seem to have had the common theme of being unwarranted prisoners. It was not unusual during the time for individuals to be â€Å"imprisoned without trial under so-called lettres de cachet, supposedly signed by the King, for minor misdemeanors (a popular ploy used by moneyed families to get rid of unruly offspring without causing a public scandal)†(Marseille-Provence). Funnily enough, one of Napoleons Civil Codes warranted it legal for a father to imprison a child for up to 1 month. Many of the Chateau’s inhabitants were lost in the shuffle, and locked up for as long as the family desired. This island for misfits, and unwanted relatives is also the location where Dantes befriends Abbe Faria, who was also a political prisoner. The two prisoners meet when the Abbe was attempting to tunnel his way to freedom; however, a miscalculation brought him directly into Dantes’ cell, instead of out to the freedom he had desired. The two newly found friends spent the next few years passing their time. Abbe dedicated himself to the task of educating Dantes in science, literature languages. He also helps Dantes figure out whom it was that played key parts, and were ultimate responsibility lie for his incarceration. At some point Abbe began to think of Dantes as the son he never had, and confided in Dantes the location to the hidden fortune. Together the two began planning their daring escape, knowing all the while that any escape plan would be difficult, if not impossible due to the fact that the prison is completely surrounded by water, and much of the island had vertical cliff walls that would raise the likelihood of injury if not death, while escaping. Fortunately for the pair, they had nothing but time. During this era in France, prisoners with wealth and title (like the Abbe) could request certain items to make their stay a bit more comfortable. The Abbe used this to their advantage, and was able to order some tools and trinkets for his cell. The same reason Abbe was able to order trinkets is the reason Edmond had none; he was penniless, and unable to purchase items. This was also quite indicative of the times; if you were higher up in society, you were able to purchase more benefits in prison, as well as in life. The Abbe died before the two were able to act out their escape plan. Thinking quickly on his feet, Dantes was able to replace his own body in the Abbe’s body bag, solidifying his own escape. The hopes Dantes held onto, and that drove him to be victorious in his escape were gone. When he did finally gain his freedom he was faced with the fact that his loved ones were either dead, or had moved on, and it was no longer a possibility to be a part of their life, or the one that he had left behind. He was a man who must decide what it was he was going to become, and do with the life that he regained. During this time it is made clear that Dantes was struggling with his purpose in life, and felt lost. It was said that he felt, â€Å"that he belongs to no country, no land, even to the point where he feels more at ease while on the ocean† (D’Ammassa). While contemplating what he was to become and what to do with his life, now that he was a free man Dantes spent some time onboard a ship as a smuggler in the Mediterranean. Where he could confront his feelings, and decide what is was he wanted to do. During one such smuggling trip Dantes had the opportunity to go to the Island of Monte Cristo where he resigned his position a smuggler and proceeded to find the treasure Abbe entrusted him with. The Island of Monte Cristo is indeed an actual island. It is located in the â€Å"Archipelago Toscano National Park† but, is not accessible to people and is now an animal refuge (Montercristo Island). It is presumed that Dumas had visited this remote island in 1842 and thought it perfect for the use as the setting in one of his novels; however, the actual island bears little resemblance to the one portrayed in his tale. In the story Edmond finds the treasure that Abbe Faria entrusted to him, on this island. The resources from the treasure will eventually allow him the opportunity to manifest himself into a count, and begin his ascent into righting the wrongs done unto him. Once his visit to the island of Monte Cristo has ended he proceeds to Rome where he stays for a while rejuvenating himself in upscale hotels, and taking beautiful women to the opera. During his stay there Dantes met Valentine, Villefort’s daughter; this act strikes a chord deep within Dantes and spurs his retribution into action. Dantes also meets Albert de Morcerf in Rome, where he aides in Alberts release from kidnappers. To return this life saving favor Dantes asks Albert to familiarize him with the Parisian aristocrats. For those of us with an appetite for a great revenge novel, this is where you can feel the plot begin to thicken, and Dumas has you flipping through the pages. With Albert as his guide, Dantes makes his way to Paris where the intrigue intensifies as Dantes began to pick off his prey one by one. During the time when Dumas’ tail was released, Paris was the metropolitan center of France, 600,000 people lived there. It was the mecca for European culture, and sciences, and also where many of Dumas’ readers would have been located making Paris an obvious choice to set such a tale; the sale of his writings to readers in the city were booming. Paris was left in shambles until Napoleon became first consul. At which time he began to re-model the city, giving it qualities you might have seen in a more up to date Rome. He added sewers, sidewalks bridges, and wharves. These additions not only brought about a better economy, but better living conditions for many. This city full of Parisian culture was also where the Villefort, the Morcerf, and the Danglars families had all settled. These families migrated to Paris, and with their newly acquired wealth began lavishing them selves in a life of luxury. Once in Paris, and with help the Count finds his way into the midst of each of the families, becoming a most welcome guest. It is from this calculated position that Dantes is able to initiate his plan and ultimately unravel the successes, and happiness of each of the men who had at one time or another plotted against him. Dumas, was able to give his reader an understanding of the setting in The Count of Monte Cristo with ease, he simply embellished upon of the historical occasions that were taking place before his eyes. Dumas expertly tied together the political struggle between Napoleon and the Royalists. By expounding upon well-known, and heavily populated cities such as Marseille, he was able to bestow a bit of history, and expand his reader’s minds, while also adventuring with them to isolated, dangerous places like the Chateau d’if or even Monte Cristo Island. He solidifies the intrigue, danger, and of course revenge in his literary work of art, which is sure to continue to captivate readers for many generations to come. Works Cited â€Å"Chateau d’If†. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 21 Nov. 2012 This article describes Chateau d’if the small Mediterranean island off the port of Marseille. I hope to be able to give a more accurate development of the scene where Dumas’ main character spent a great portion time. This article came from the Encyclopedia Britannica online. D’Ammassa, Don. â€Å"The Count of Monte Cristo.† Encyclopedia of Adventure Fiction. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2008. Bloom’s Literary Reference Online. Facts On File, Inc. 15

The Effect of Polygamy on the Modern Society

The Effect of Polygamy on the Modern Society Introduction Polygamy remains one of the hotly contested and misunderstood topics in the modern society. The most common practice of polygamy is polygyny, whereby one man marries more than one spouse. Polygyny is common in many societies across the world. However, it is outlawed in the Western World. Cultural and religious factors anchor this practice.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of Polygamy on the Modern Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Different studies carried out for decades reveal that the practice has far-reaching negative consequences, and hence should be outlawed. On the other hand, the proponents of polygamy argue that there are many benefits associated with the practice. However, the moral question of polygamy has not been addressed adequately. This essay provides an in-depth discussion of polygamy with a view of establishing factors that contribute to the practice, its consequences, and morality issues. Polygamy is not morally correct due to societal effects Many studies about polygamy are structured on whether the practice should be recognized, banned, or punished through the law. Little has been written about the moral question on polygamous marriage. However, from a moral ground, polygamy is morally unacceptable due to its effects on societies. The first social effect of this practice is emanated from the perceived competition by co-wives. They give birth to as many children as they can, as a way of getting a larger share of the common resources that get shared by the family when it comes to inheritance (Tabi, Doster Cheney, 2010). Giving birth becomes a contest among these wives. Competition in the end produces effects that are injurious to the society. For instance, competition among wives for common resources is likely to culminate conflicts that largely affect societys stability. Polygamous marriages are a burden to men and their wives. A man is deprive d in mind and body due to the heavy responsibility of sustaining a big family. In addition, men dedicate most of their income on marrying new wives. Consequently, women are deprived psychologically as a result of being reduced to physical pleasure instruments. These results in child negligence in that, children are less supported and well maintained by their parents. Parents invest less time and money in the upkeep, education, as well as in provision of critical care for their children (Elbedour, Onwuegbuzie, Caridine Abu-Saad, 2002). In the end, the society bears the consequences of the problems associated with lack of education and proper parenting of children. One common consequence is substance abuse among children due to lack of parental guidance. The early substance abuse affects societies in terms of increased crime rate (Elbedour, Onwuegbuzie, Caridine, Abu-Saad, 2002).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first pa per with 15% OFF Learn More One of the impacts of polygamy that have not gotten the attention of many researchers is the scarcity of women. Polygyny denies young and low-status men women because the older wealthier men hoard many women as possible. This results to increased competition, denying young men opportunities to marry wives of their choice. For men to get these women, they have to gain resources considering the perception that wealth attracts women. Competition for women and resources increases criminal cases within societies (McLaren Coward, 1999). In the end, a society suffers from increased robbery, rape, murder, kidnapping, and assaults among others. Marriage provides a foundation upon which a society is built (Waller, 2011; McLaren Coward, 1999). Social relations, obligations, and duties are derived from marriage and society setups. These hold a society together as one unit. However, polygamy cultivates patriarchal principles that drag the whole socie ty into despotism. In addition, patriarchal principles destroy the societal fabric since it is more injurious to female and children (McLaren Coward, 1999). Polygyny disintegrates the social relations, duties, and obligation marriage in the society (Waller, 2011; McLaren Coward, 1999). This makes the society suffer from conflicts that arise due to erosion of societal relations within marriages. Polygamy in various parts of the world Polygamy is a common phenomenon across the world. It is allowed on the cultural and religious basis. Most of the African societies accept polygyny practices from a cultural point of view. On the other hand, the practice is common in Asia due to religious beliefs. However, to some degree, polygyny is practiced in North America and Europe, it is considered illegal (Duncan, 2008). Most of the African societies stretching practice polygamy. Marriages in these societies are characterized by one man getting married to more than one spouse (Moosa, Benjamin J eenah, 2008). Traditional cultures and customs are behind the widespread practice of polygamy in the African societies. In addition, apart from polygamy being practiced as a result of customs and culture, the Jewish and Islamic beliefs also support polygamy in North Africa. This practice is perceived in African societies as a social practice that ensures family continuity from one generation to another (Moosa, Benjamin, Jeenah, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Effect of Polygamy on the Modern Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Women responsibility is reduced to child bearing and childless women are treated with contempt. Cultural practices such as wife inheritance largely contributed to polygyny in African society. Men have to remarry widows or women left without support after death of husbands or guardians. It also perceived as one way taking care of the orphans left behind after death of men. Poly gamy is also very common in the Middle East, Asia, and Oceania. This is typically attributed to the Islamic religion, which is the most dominant religion in the Middle East. The Islamic culture permits man to get married to a maximum of four wives provided he is financially stable to support each wife and her children (Al-Krenawi, A., Slonim-Nevo, 2008). In addition, the societies of Middle East are value stability and family continuity. On top of this, the Arab society is patriarchal with segregated gender roles where a womans contribution is undervalued. Polygamy is illegal in the Western World. However, the practice is common to many societies in this region (Moosa, Benjamin Jeenah, 2008). For instance, there is a general consensus that polygyny is practiced in the United States despite being outlawed. Polygamy in North America is believed to emanate from Mormon fundamentalists. They believe they have to be true custodians of Joseph Smith’s belief that one man needs more than one woman to be exalted after death. In the year 2008, it was estimated that the states of Utah and Arizona have 37,000 polygamists despite the existence of anti-polygamy legislations and federal statutes (Duncan, 2008). Factors that contribute to societies adopting polygamy The fear of divorce, infertility, legal, and how women perceive polygamy, contribute to polygamy in many societies. According to Tabi, Doster, and Cheney (2010), the African women perception of polygyny contributes to them accepting the practice. Most of the African women perceive polygyny as beneficial because it guarantees shared responsibilities in performance of household chores, farm work, and rearing of children. Cultural beliefs have a huge impact on peoples’ attitude and perception. In this regard, attitudes created by cultures play a critical role in encouraging polygamy. For instance, in a study conducted by Awusabo-Asare and Anarfi (1997), most of the Ghanaian women accept co-wives on pos t-partum abstinence basis. Women perceive polygyny positively. To them, it ensures their husbands continue with sexual activities, when one of the wives is still in the post-partum period.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fertility also plays a critical role in promoting polygamy in some societies. For instance, in the sub-Saharan Africa, the failure of a woman to bear children can lead to divorce. Children are so important in the African context and women have to bear children to reaffirm their position in marriage, get accepted by husbands, and share wealth. According to them, children create a bond between wives and their husbands. Infertile women are thus forced to accept co-wives for fear of divorce (Tabi, Doster Cheney, 2010). This contributes to polygamous societies in many parts of the world. Attitudes towards unmarried women also play a critical role in encouraging polygamy. Single women eligible for marriage and divorced or separated women have low social status in polygamous communities. It is also considered as a shame on families and tribes, if one remains unmarried for unexplained reasons. The indignity that is associated with being unmarried women pushes them into a polygamous culture to escape shame and social pressure. Polygamy still occurs today in some nations due to the legal frameworks that recognize the practice. Some countries in Africa have promulgated laws that recognize cultural practices. For instance, in 2000, South Africa promulgated Customary Marriage Act that legalized polygamy in the country (Moosa, Benjamin Jeenah, 2008). Polygamy is now legally recognized through the Act, giving women equal rights in marriage. It is also vital to notice that though the Western Nations legally outlawed polygamy practices, they still tolerate it. According to Duncan (2008), in the United States, the federal and state legislation outlaws polygamy. However, minimal cases of polygamy have so far been pursued successfully. The law is ineffective and unable to clamp down the practice in the American society. There are several positive effects of legalizing polygamy Proponents of polygamy point out that the practice plays important roles in the society, and hence the need to be legalized. In addition, polygamy proponents argue that legal recognition of polygamy will allow fix the negative attributes attached to it. They also argue that the legalization of polygamy will help prosecute cases related to it effectively (Duncan, 2008). On the other hand, opponents of polygamy argue that the practice is out of place in the modern society due to its negative consequences on individuals, families, and society. Proponents of polygamy argue that governments should recognize polygamy as legal because polygamous relationships are beneficial. Firstly, polygamy is thought to reduce prostitution on the street. It is argued out that polygamy offers marriage to women who would have otherwise considered the street prostitution as their source of income. Women are less empowered economically than men. In a society where poverty is prevalent, women prefer getting married in order to share resources with their husbands. Considering that females are more than males in many societies, some women miss opportunities of getting married, and end up in prostitution. On top of this, having more than one wife reduces a mans sexual exploration outside marriage thereby limiting the level of adultery in the society. According to Duncan (2008), polygamy reduces the number of fatherless and motherless children. Having more than one wife or husband is ideal in that, if one spouse passes away, children are left under the custody of the remaining spouses. In addition, polygamy unites more than three families within the society. It enhances cooperation between individual families hence improving social integration. In the end the bonds created through polygamy, promote social harmony. Furthermore, proponents of polygamy point out that the practice helps reduce levels of poverty within a society. There is always the possibility of increased income in polygamous families since each individual contributes to the household budget. In doing these, the level of pove rty is reduced within families. The psychological and physical effects of polygamy The negative impacts of polygamy to individuals and to society are profound. Children and women are the most affected in polygamous communities. Opponents argue that physical and psychological effects explain why this practice is morally wrong (Moosa, Benjamin Jeenah, 2008). The Studies carried out so far point out that polygamy lead to rivalry amongst co-wives. This rivalry stems from competition, jealousy, and unequal distribution of resources (Moosa, Benjamin Jeenah, 2008). This creates an acrimonious relationship between children and wives. It causes psychological problems for children and women. Women suffer from psychiatric conditions such as low self-esteem, loneliness, anxiety, and somatization. Children also suffer due to lack of parental attention. They feel displaced from their parents, which result in emotional insecurity. They also exhibit emotional stress and anxiety more than children in monogamous families (Moosa, Benjamin Jeenah, 2008). How polygamy leads to gender discrimination Most of the contemporary communities practicing polygamy discriminate against the female gender. According to Strauss (2012), a polygamous society imposes strict rules on women. Women are forced by religious, cultural, and familial pressures to forego vocational and educational opportunities. This forces them to enter into marriages as the only option of achieving financial stability. Religious and cultural beliefs require them to be obedient to their husbands no matter the circumstance, in order to avoid divorce. On the other hand, there is great neglect and abuse of children rights. Many societies strive to make boys excel and marry off young girls. This maintains gender imbalances within the society (Strauss, 2012). In addition to the above moral question of polygamy, Strauss (2012) explains that there is a rampant gender bias and discrimination in polygamous societies. Such socie ties recognize and accept that the male gender can marry more than one wife. They deny women from having multiple partners. More so, they do not allow same sex marriages. This elicits the moral question as to why it is morally correct to allow men to have multiple partners and deny women the same right. Strauss further observes that the contemporary polygamous communities promote a sexist culture (2012). Moreover, it promotes hierarchical power relations that limit innovation and individual independence, which significantly cause poverty. Strauss’ opinions about a society allowing marriage of girls instead pursuing different opportunities hold strong grounds. It is morally wrong to force underage girls into early marriages. Marriage should be informed on adequate consent of all parties involved. Underage girls in polygamous communities are denied the rights to choose what is right for them from a very tender age (Wall, 2003). In addition, it is not acceptable for Western soci eties not to acknowledge that polygamy exist in their societies when it does happen. Many individuals in the Western World are ignorant of the existence of polygamy in their society. A secret polygamy case that makes another spouse unaware of its existence is an unethical manifestation of this practice in the modern society. The positive effects vs. the negative effects of legalizing polygamy The underlying positives of polygamy are unconvincing in the modern society. Proponents’ arguments are defective and have limited defenses. The positives are by far outweighed by the negative effects on men, women, children, and the society at large. Polygamy promotes inequalities in the society where the central individual in marriage assumes greater rights and expectations. Husbands having a greater control over the family deny others autonomy, and hence encourages inequalities in the society. It renders one gender as a peripheral spouse, as opposed to the ethical correctness of the ma rriage that encourages equity and shared rights. It is critical to acknowledge that the positive effects of polygamy such as a reduction of prostitution and parentless children can also be achieved in monogamous societies. It is always right to be a brother’s keeper in everyday life. The society is socially bound to take care of its members regardless of the family structure. Parentless children are part of the society and cannot be denounced with the absence of polygamy. However, the consequences of polygamy are permanent and devastating. The injuries to the society such as increased crime, sexist culture, and substance abuse as a result of polygamy are destructive. They can deprive off the social structures that take long to build. In addition, the psychological and physical effects leave permanent marks in an individual’s life as compared to the benefits that are derived from the practice. Conclusion Polygamy is a practice that is still inherent in the modern societ y. It is alive in many societies in Africa, Asia, Oceania, and to some extent in Western nations. Cultural beliefs and customs, religion, and legal factors contribute to rampant cases of polygamy. The justification of polygamy is contested, and the whole concept is misunderstood. Whereas it is acceptable in the majority of societies in Africa and Middle East, it remains a controversial topic in the Western nations. The literature that has covered polygamy calls for its recognition in law or its total ban. The moral question of polygamy remains controversial and little attention is given to it. Though the practice has few positive, its consequences are injurious to children and women in the society at large. Children and women suffer from psychiatric conditions as well as gender discrimination. On the other hand, the society also suffers from increased crime and unwanted behaviors. From this, it can be concluded that polygamy is structurally in-egalitarian that leads to more negative consequences than the positive ones. References Al-Krenawi, A., Slonim-Nevo, V. (2008). Psychosocial and familial functioning of children from polygamous and monogamous families. The Journal of social psychology, 148(6), 745-764. Awusabo-Asare, K. Anarfi, J.K. (1997). Postpartum sexual abstinence in the era of AIDS in Ghana: prospects for change. Health Transition Review, 7, 257–270. Duncan, E. J. (2008). Positive Effects of Legalizing Polygamy: Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, The. Duke Journal of Gender Law Policy, 15(315), 315-337. Elbedour, S., Onwuegbuzie, A. J., Caridine, C., Abu-Saad, H. (2002). The effect of polygamous marital structure on behavioral, emotional, and academic adjustment in children: A comprehensive review of the literature. Clinical child and family psychology review, 5(4), 255-271. McLaren, J., Coward, H. G. (1999). Religious conscience, the state, and the law: Historical contexts and contemporary significance. Albany: State University of New Yo rk Press. Moosa, M. Y. H., Benjamin, R., Jeenah, F. Y. (2008). A review of multi-spousal relationships-psychosocial effects and therapy. South African Journal of Psychiatry, 12(2), 12-14. Strauss, G. (2012). Is Polygamy Inherently Unequal? Ethics, 122(3), 516-544. Tabi, M., M., Doster, C. Cheney, T. (2010). A qualitative study of women in polygynous marriages. International Nursing Review, 57, 121–127. Wall, T. F. (2003). Thinking critically about moral problems. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Waller, B. N. (2011). Consider ethics: Theory, readings, and contemporary issues. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.